A digital object identifier (DOI) is a code that ensures an online publication (mostly journal articles and ebooks) can always be found. If a DOI is present, always include it in the reference entry.
A DOI is always provided as a user-friendly URL: https://doi.org/xxxx
Do not include the retrieval date and do not add a full stop after the DOI.
Swai, J. K., & Jane Moore, S. J. (2025). Beyond repellents: Spatial emanators for the control of malaria in Africa. The Lancet, 405(10473), 101-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02754-5